Чтение онлайн

12 Harris L. The Life poll. Life. 1969; 66 (23): 52–55.

13 Kiefer H. M. Gallup brain: The birth of in vitro fertilization. Gallup.com. 2003; August 5 (https://news.gallup.com/poll/8983/Gallup-Brain-Birth-Vitro-Fertilization.aspx).

14 European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Science Daily 2018; July 3 (https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/07/180703084127.htm).

15 Danish Health and Medicines Authority, 2017 assisted reproduction report.

16 Cimadomo D. et al. The impact of biopsy on human embryo developmental potential during preimplantation genetic diagnosis. BioMed Research International. 2016; e7193075; Stern H. J. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis: Prenatal testing for embryos finally achieving its potential. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2014; 3: 280–309.

17 Karavani E. et al. Screening human embryos for polygenic traits has limited utility. Cell. 2019; 179: 1424–1435.e8.

18 Wills M. When forced sterilization was legal in the U. S. JSTOR Daily. 2017; August 3 (https://daily.jstor.org/when-forced-sterilization-was-legal-in-the-u-s/).

19 DenHoed A. The forgotten lessons of the American eugenics movement. New Yorker. 2016; April 27 (https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-forgotten-lessons-of-the-american-eugenics-movement); Zimmer C. She Has Her Mother's Laugh: The Powers, Perversions, and Potential of Heredity (1st ed.). New York: Dutton, 2018.

20 Robinson M. R. et al. Genetic evidence of assortative mating in humans. Nature Human Behaviour. 2017; 1: 1–13.

Глава 15. Как мы пишем ДНК

1 Wendt D. Two tons of pig parts: Making insulin in the 1920s. O Say Can You See? (blog for the National Museum of American History). 2013; November 1 (https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2013/11/two-tons-of-pig-parts-making-insulin-in-the-1920s.html); Cloning insulin. Genentech. 2016 (https://www.gene.com/stories/cloning-insulin).

2 Простое иллюстрированное объяснение бактериальной трансформации можно найти на сайте «Академии Хана»: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/biotech-dna-technology/dna-cloning-tutorial/a/bacterial-transformation-selection. Более подробные протоколы этапов трансформации, позволяющие понять, как эти процедуры выглядят в реальности, можно найти на сайтах поставщиков расходных материалов и реактивов – например, https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/cloning/cloning-learning-center/invitrogen-school-of-molecular-biology/molecular-cloning/transformation.html.

3 Cohen S. N. et al. Construction of biologically functional bacterial plasmids in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1973; 70: 3240–3244.

4 Culliton B. J. Recombinant DNA: Cambridge City Council votes moratorium. Science. 1976; 193: 300–301.

5 Hughes S. S. Genentech: The Beginnings of Biotech (reprint ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013; Mukherjee S. The Gene: An Intimate History. New York: Scribner, 2016.

6 Nielsen J. Production of biopharmaceutical proteins by yeast. Bioengineered. 2013; 4: 207–211.

7 Behringer R. et al. Manipulating the Mouse Embryo: A Laboratory Manual (4th ed.). Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2013.

8 Tzfira T., et al. Agrobacterium T-DNA integration: Molecules and models. Trends in Genetics 20, 375–383 (2004).

9 Micronutrient deficiencies: Vitamin A deficiency. World Health Organization. 2009 (https://www.who.int/data/nutrition/nlis/info/vitamin-a-deficiency).

10 Ye X. et al. Engineering the provitamin A (b– carotene) biosynthetic pathway into (carotenoid-free) rice endosperm. Science. 2000; 287: 303–305.

11 Researchers determine that golden rice is an effective source of vitamin A. American Society of Nutrition. 2009 (http://www.goldenrice.org/PDFs/ASNonGR.pdf); Tang G. et al. Golden rice is an effective source of vitamin A. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009; 89: 1776–1783. Массу информации о золотом рисе, в том числе подробное описание его генетики и результаты его проверки на безопасность, можно найти в Golden Rice Humanitarian Board. Golden Rice Project (http://www.goldenrice.org/).

12 Regis E. Golden Rice: The Imperiled Birth of a GMO Superfood. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2019; Regis E. The true story of the genetically modified superfood that almost saved millions. Foreign Policy. 2019; October 17 (https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/10/17/golden-rice-genetically-modified-superfood-almost-saved-millions/).

13 Stokstad E. After 20 years, golden rice nears approval. Science. 2019; 366: 934–934.

14 Gaj T. et al. ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR/Cas-based methods for genome engineering. Trends in Biotechnology. 2013; 31: 397–405.

15 Ishino Y. et al. Nucleotide sequence of the iap gene, responsible for alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion in Escherichia coli, and identification of the gene product. Journal of Bacteriology. 1987; 169: 5429–5433.

16 Mojica F. J. M. et al. Transcription at different salinities of Haloferax mediterranei sequences adjacent to partially modified PstI sites. Molecular Microbiology. 1993; 9: 613–621.

17 Mojica F. J. M. et al. Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements. J. Mol. Evol. 2005; 60: 174–182; Pourcel C. et al. CRISPR elements in Yersinia pestis acquire new repeats by preferential uptake of bacteriophage DNA, and provide additional tools for evolutionary studies. Microbiology. 2005; 151: 653–663; Bolotin A. et al. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPRs) have spacers of extrachromosomal origin. Microbiology. 2005; 151: 2551–2561.