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[9] Marcus Rediker, The Slave Ship: A Human History (New York: Viking, 2007).

[10] Lorena S. Walsh, “The Chesapeake Slave Trade: Regional Patterns, African Origins, and Some Implications”, William and Mary Quaterly 58, no. 1 (January 2001): 148.

[11] Sanborn, “Harriet Tubman”; Sarah Hopkins Bradford, Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman (Auburn, NY: W. J. Moses, 1869), pp. 79–80.

[12] R. S. Rattray, Religion and Art in Ashanti (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1927), p. 192.

[13] Ibid., p. 193.

[14] Ibid., p. 195.

[15] Ibid., p. 194.

[16] Ibid., p. 196.

[17] Rattray, Leopard Priestess, pp. 107–109.

[18] Walsh, “Chesapeake Slave Trade”, pp. 162–163.

[19] Michael A. Gomez, Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998).

[20] William L. Andrews, ed., Sisters of the Spirit: Three Black Women’s Autobiographies of the Nineteenth Century (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986), p. 92.

[21] Ibid.

[22] Eva L. R. Meyeriwitz, “Concepts of the Soul among the Akan of the Gold Coast”, Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 21, no. 1 (January 1951): 24.

[23] Bradford, Scenes, p. 56.

[24] Larson, Bound for the Promised Land, p. 42.

[25] Ednah Dow Cheney, quoted in Jean M. Humez, Harriet Tubman: The Life and the Life Stories (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2003), p. 180.

[26] Sarah Hopkins Bradford, Harriet, the Moses of Her People (New York: George R. Lockwood & Son, 1886), p. 24.

[27] Ibid., p. 26.

[28] Sanborn, “Harriet Tubmen”.

[29] Bradford, Harriet, p. 29.

[30] Ibid., p. 30 (dialect removed).

[31] Humez, Harriet Tubman, p. 183.

[32] Bradford, Harriet, p. 6.

[33] Larson, Bound for the Promised Land.

[34] William Still, The Underground Railroad: A Record of Facts, Authentic Narratives, Let38ters, Ec (Philadelphia: Porter and Coates, 1872). Project Gutenberg Ebook 15263

[35] Bradford, Harriet, pp. 73–74.

[36] Still, Underground Railroad.

[37] Bradford, Harriet, pp. 75–76.

[38] Thomas Garret, 1868 testimonial letter in Bradford, Harriet, pp. 83–84.

[39] Ibid., pp. 86–87.

[40] Bradford, Harriet, p. 36.

[41] Ibid., p. 37.

[42] Humez, Harriet Tubman, p. 137.

[43] Larson, Bound for the Promised Land, p. 169.

[44] Lydia Marie Child to John Greenleaf Whittier, January 21, 1862, in Larson, Bound for the Promised Land, p. 206.

[45] Sanborn, “Harriet Tubman”.

[46] Letter to John Brown Jr., April 8, 1858, in Franklin B. Sanborn, Life and Letters of John Brown (1885; reprint, New York: Negro Universities Press, 1969), p. 452.

[47] Bradford, Harriet, p. 119.

[48] Humez, Harriet Tubmen, p. 40.

[49] Ken Chowder, “The Father of American Terrorism”, American Heritage 51, no. 1 (February-March 2000).

[50] Bradford, Harriet, p. 93.

[51] Humez, Harriet Tubmen, p. 191.

[52] Lydia Maria Child to John G. Whittier, January 21, 1862, in Larson, Bound for the Promised Land, p. 206.

[53] Bradford, Harriet, p. 93.

[54] Martha Coffin Wright to Marianna Pelham Wright, November 7, 1865, in Larson, Bound for the Promised Land, p. 232.

Эпиграф. Ученые, изучающие жизнь Марка Твена, соглашаются в том, что он вполне мог придумать подобное изречение, однако у нас нет точной информации относительно времени и обстоятельств его появления. Ближайшее по смыслу к данному изречению утверждение Марка Твена носит гораздо более пессимистичный характер: «Не нужно пытаться предотвратить повторение ошибок истории, поскольку люди всегда будут стараться сделать все, чтобы эти ошибки повторялись». См. Bernard DeVoto, ed., Mark Twain in Eruption: Hitherto Unpublished Pages about Men andEvents (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1940).

[1] Mark Twain, “The TurningPoint of My Life”, in What Is Man? And Other Philosophical Writings, ed. Paul Baender (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973).

[2] Ron Powers, Mark Twain: A Life (New York: Free Press, 2005), p. 84.

[3] The Autobiography of Mark Twain, ed. Charles Neider (New York: Perennial Classics, 1990), p. 130.

[4] Powers, Mark Twain, p. 9.

[5] Ibid., pp. 20–21.

[6] Ibid., p. 541.

[7] Mark Twain, Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc (New York: Gramercy, 2000), p. 50.

[8] Mark Twain, Notebooks & Journals, ed. Frederick Anderson et al. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975–1979), 1:69.

[9] Powers, Mark Twain, pp. 151–152.

[10] Ibid., pp. 162–164.

[11] Powers, Mark Twain, p. 250.

[12] Twain, Autobiography, p. 310.

[13] Ibid., pp. 310–311; Mark Perry, Grant and Twain: The Story of a Friendship That Changed America (New York: Random House, 2004), pp. 85–89.

[14] Twain, Notebooks & Journals, 2:412.

[15] Ibid., p. 402.

[16] Powers, Mark Twain, p. 545.

[17] Twain, Autobiography, p. 339.

[18] Mark Twain, Which Was the Dream? And Other Symbolic Writings of the Later Years, ed. John S. Tuckey (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968), p. 4.